Geobide, ED50 thiab ETRS89 Txheej Txheem Hloov Kho Txheej Txheem
Ua zoo kom ua raws li muaj peev xwm ntawm Geobide Suite, peb yuav pom cov kev xaiv los hloov tau Siv Systems. Nthuav rau cov neeg uas yuav tsum hloov ntawm txawv Datum nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no peb yuav pom yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau nws nrog ED50 thiab ETRS89 systems yog yuav luag tib yam cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Latin America ntawm NAD27 thiab WGS84.
Cov ntaub ntawv puas tsiv lawm?
Qhov no tsis yog qhov tshwm sim hauv Google ntiaj teb, qhov twg ntau cov kev hloov pauv, cov duab ntau yog tawm, ib yam dab tsi tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas hauv kev sib tshuam overlaps sib txawv yuav siv sij hawm; Txawm li cas los xij, hauv ntau lub tebchaws, xeev lossis cov zej zog muaj peev xwm, cov koom haum pej xeem tau muab GoogleEarth nrog lawv cov duab nrog qhov tseeb georeference, nrog qhov tsis zoo uas GoogleEarth siv WGS84 ua cov Datum siv tau, yog li siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv lwm qhov system yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv. Qhov kev hloov pauv ua ntej ntawm txhua yam ntawm nws tus kheej lub ntsiab lus tab sis kuj nyob rau thaj chaw uas peb pom peb tus kheej. Tias yog vim li cas cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsis muab cov kev tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua cheeb tsam.
Cia peb ua piv txwv rau kev hloov ED50-30N (EPSG: 23030) rau ETRS89-30N (EPSG: 25830) rau Navarra, thiab rau Spain. Cov ntsiab lus tsis tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv muaj qib txawv ntawm qhov tseeb nyob ntawm thaj chaw uas nws tau thov. Vim li no, muaj qee qhov kev txiav txim siab ntxiv, uas tsis mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus tsis tseem ceeb thiab qhov twg hauv Navarra piv txwv yog qee yam tab sis hauv Asturias lawv yuav muaj lwm yam txiaj ntsig.
Yog tias peb saib cov duab saum toj no tau los ntawm Geomap, peb pom ib daim duab qhia nrog ob txheej (orthophoto thiab parcel) tau tsiv mus nyob ib leeg. Nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tiav Navarra Cadastre hauv ED-50N ntawm yoov ib txheej ntawm GoogleMaps hauv WGS84 thiab qhov cuam tshuam uas tau tshwm sim muaj feem rau qhov teeb meem tau piav rau hauv pawg lus dhau los.
Kev qhia Geobide tsis ntev los no, los ntawm qhov peb tab tom ua tsab xov xwm no luam tawm tsawg kawg 4 txoj hauv kev los kho nws,. Nrog Geobide, tam sim no nws muaj peev xwm los qhia datum hloov dua siab tshiab rau kev hloov pauv ntawm Coordinate Systems hauv plaub txoj kev sib txawv:
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Generic Transformation:
Qhov kev xaiv no siv cov generic transformation tsis muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws. Rau Navarra piv txwv, mus ntawm ED50 mus rau ETRS89 muaj ib qho yuam kev ntawm ~ 100-200m hauv x thiab y. (Nco ntsoov tias qhov no TSIS cuam tshuam kev sib koom tes nrog sib npaug zos).
Heev uas zoo sib xws yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm NAD27 nrog WGS84 taug kev thiab 202 meters sab qaum teb thiab 6 meters sab hnub tuaj nyob rau hauv lub Central cheeb tsam hloov raws li koj hloov lub latitude, txawm hais tias nws tsuas yog teeb meem loj nyob rau hauv lub latitude nws tawm los ntawm Ecuador thaum qhov ntev cia li los ntawm fake no.
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Transformation Siv ib daim phiaj NTv2:
Qhov kev xaiv no siv ib kab sib chaws nrog qhov tseem ceeb los kho qhov hloov los ntawm linear interpolation. Qhov kev xaiv no yog ntau tshaj li thawj txoj kev thiab tau txais los ntawm IGN. Qhov tseeb, ntawm chav kawm, yog tias peb muaj ib daim phiaj rau peb qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
Cov ntawv thov Geobide Tam sim no lawv muab ob daim phiaj npog los ntawm IGN rau Spain, npog thaj av Peninsula thiab Balearic Islands, thiab tau luam tawm xyoo 2003 thiab 2009. Tus neeg siv tau yooj yim xaiv daim phiaj siv.
Ntau daim phiaj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv Is Taws Nem, txawm tias thoob ntiaj teb, tab sis los ntawm qhov loj me lawv tsis tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv Geobide daim ntawv thov downloads.
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Molodensky transformation (txoj kev ntawm 3-tsis):
3 siv kev ua haujlwm tawm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ellipsoids. Tus kwv wizard uas tau pom zoo los ntawm IGN rau Spain.
Bursa-Hma Transformation (txoj kev ntawm 7-tsis)
Qhov kev hloov no siv 7 qhov tseem ceeb los hloov ntawm cov pob txha. Tus cwj pwm tsis zoo yuav tsum yog: Offset (Dx, Dy, Dz), Kev sib tw (Rx, Ry, Rz) thiab Scaling Factor (μ)
Hauv daim ntaub ntawv Geobide 3 wizards yog pre-configured pom zoo los ntawm IGN rau Northwest, Central Zone thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj ntawm Cheeb Tsam, feem.
Resultados
Raws li koj tau pom cov ntsiab lus tsis txawv ntawm 3 tseeb txoj kev, tiam sis yog thawj zaug. Tias yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum paub yog qhov kev hloov xav tau ib qho ntawm cov kev kho siab siab no.
Ntawm cov ED50-xxN (EPSG: 230xx) systems thiab ETRS89-xxN (EPSG: 258xx) nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Spain nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau siv raws li lub Datums / ellipsoids ED50 thiab ETRS89 / WGS84 yog tsis sib npaug.
Piv txwv li, yog tias Geomap tsis no heev cov ntaub ntawv txheej, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Navarra nyob rau hauv ED50-30N (EPSG: 23030) reprojected rau tus yoov rau cov ntaub ntawv uas muab los ntawm Google Maps (ellipsoid WGS84) yuav txav mus li. Yuav kom haum kom zoo, nws yog tsim nyog los siv ntau tshaj plaws leej transformations uas muaj twb tau piav qhia.
Kuv xav tias zoo heev uas Geobide ua ib tug tseem ceeb rau siab tsis tau tsuas yog tawm mus peevxwm los rau koj lub cev, tab sis kuj yuav sau ib tug me ntsis ntau yam no qhov teeb meem vim nws muaj peev xwm heev cuam tshuam qhov zoo thiab qhov tseeb ntawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, lwm yam tshaj li cia li to taub nws heev yog lwm txoj kev sib zog.
Yog li ntawd, nyob deb, tag nrho cov no yog kev txiav mus rau hauv lub cav, tab sis raws li peb tswv yim tus phooj ywg Geobide, tus neeg siv xav tau coj lawv tawm pom nyob rau hauv daim ntaub ntawv rau cov neeg siv tau paub txog nws thiab txawm hloov lub chaw, lossis teem caij rau lwm thaj chaw ua haujlwm.
Transformation ntawm ellipsoidal / geoidal heights
Nyob rau hauv lub tshiab version, lub ellipsoidal / geoid qhov siab qhov sib txawv ntawm lub thawv tau hloov kuj ua kom tus neeg siv tau tam sim no xaiv cov qauv geoid siv.
PRJ Cov Ntaub Ntawv Nomenclatures
Thiab thaum kawg, kev hloov pauv zoo li hauv koj dag zog rau kev sib koom tes nrog OGC tus qauv lossis kev coj ua ntawm cov kev pabcuam pejxeem. Cov ntaub ntawv PRJ uas Geobide tsim tau yog nyob hauv OGC lub npe xaiv tsa, uas yog tus qauv lees paub los ntawm ntau yam CAD / GIS cov cuab yeej. Tsis yog li ESRI kev siv, uas nws PRJ, tab sis lawv muaj tib lub zauv txhais raws li tus qauv sawv cev, sib thooj Coordinate Systems txawv.
Piv txwv li:
Nyob rau hauv lub txheem ntawm ib cov ntaub ntawv PRJ OGC, lub ETRS89-30N system (EPSG: 25830) yog txhais los ntawm lub codename "ETRS89 / UTM tsam 30N"; daim ntawv sau npe ESRITiam sis, lawv hu rau nws "ETRS_1989_UTM_Zone_30N". Yog hais tias peb sib tov nrog PRJs khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nyob rau hauv ob nomenclatures nyob rau hauv ArcGIS no software ua spatial ua txawm tias cov zauv ntsiab txhais ntawm lub coordinate systems yog zoo tib yam.
Them sai sai rau qhov no tawv ncauj, Geobide tau ua kom muaj kev xaiv tshiab nyob hauv qhov kev siv qhov system selector ces tus neeg tuaj yeem qhia tau yog tias nws xav tau ib qhov System Coordinate nrog PRJ hauv EPSG style lossis style ESRI.
